中文報告-徐政倫
Extracellular M. tuberculosis DNA Targets Bacteria for Autophagy by Activating the Host DNA-Sensing Pathway
Robert O. Watson, et al. Cell 150, 803–815, August 17, 2012
Speaker: Cheng-Lun Hsu (徐政倫) Time: 13:00~14:00, Dec. 12, 2012
Commentator: Dr. I Hsiu Huang (黃一修 博士) Place: Room 601
中文摘要:
之前的文獻指出autophagy會限制M. tuberculosis在macrophage中生長,而且發現有些曝露在cytocol中的M. tuberculosis extracellular DNA會被宿主DNA sensing pathway所辨識到,並活化TBK1促使typeI interferon生成,但是目前還尚未清楚autophagy是如何辨識並限制M. tuberculosis在macrophage中複製。作者利用來自GFP-LC3小鼠的BMDM細胞,分別去感染wild-type及ESX-1 mutants的結核菌,發現mutants strains在螢光下不會跟LC3有colocalization,證明autophagy要辨識細菌是需要ESX-1 system,進一步再去看是哪些autophagy receptor會參與autophagy tageting,作者利用螢光實驗及knockdown實驗,找到了p62及NDP52會參與autophagy targeting of M. tuberculosis,由於p62及NDP52可以結合ubiquitin binding substrates,作者也一樣去觀察ubiquitin會不會跟細菌有colocalization,同時也發現knockdown TBK1也會影響colocalization,這表示TBK1除了會參與STING所調控的DNA sensing pathway,也會參與autophagy targeting of M. tuberculosis,作者進而去探討autophagy targeting是否會經由DNA sensing pathway所啟動,透過送入不同核苷酸物質至GFP-LC3小鼠的BMDM細胞,螢光下發現只有雙股DNA會刺激autophagy形成,而且在STING -/-細胞中,DNA就不會跟ubiquitin有colocalization的現象了,證明STING-mediated DNA sensing pathway會幫助autophagy辨識到細菌,過程中需要ubiquitin及p62, NDP52的參與,之後形成autophagosome,細菌就被帶到lysosome給消滅掉。不過這樣的autophagy targeting是不是對所有胞內的結核菌都有拮抗作用,目前還尚未清楚,以及中間的機制還有待去研究探討。
Reference:
1. Paolo S. Manzanillo. et al. Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Activates the DNA-Dependent Cytosolic Surveillance Pathway within Macrophages. Cell Host & Microbe 11, 469–480, May 17, 2012
2. Jennifer Smith. Et al. Evidence for Pore Formation in Host Cell Membranes by ESX-1-Secreted ESAT-6 and Its Role in Mycobacterium marinum Escape from the Vacuole. INFECTION AND IMMUNITY, Vol. 76, No. 12, p. 5478–5487, Dec, 2008.